Brachytherapy

What is Brachytherapy?

Brachytherapy is a form of internal radiation therapy where radioactive sources are placed directly inside or near the tumor. This precise approach delivers high doses of radiation to the cancer cells while sparing surrounding healthy tissues. Brachytherapy is used for a variety of cancers, including prostate, cervical, breast, and skin cancers. It can be applied as a standalone treatment or combined with external radiation therapy for increased efficacy.

How Brachytherapy Works

The treatment involves the placement of tiny radioactive implants, often called seeds, pellets, or rods, in or near the tumor. Depending on the cancer type and location, the radiation can be administered over minutes, hours, or even days. There are two main types of brachytherapy: high-dose-rate (HDR), which involves short sessions with a higher radiation dose, and low-dose-rate (LDR), where radioactive seeds are left in place for longer periods or permanently.

Common Uses of Brachytherapy

Brachytherapy is highly effective for cancers localized to a specific area. It is frequently used for prostate cancer, where radioactive seeds are implanted directly into the prostate gland. It is also commonly used for cervical and uterine cancers, often following surgery to eliminate remaining cancer cells. For breast cancer, brachytherapy can be used as part of breast-conserving therapy after a lumpectomy.

Benefits and Considerations

Brachytherapy offers several advantages, such as shorter treatment times and a highly targeted approach that reduces radiation exposure to healthy tissues. Recovery is often quicker compared to external radiation. However, as with any radiation therapy, there can be side effects, including localized discomfort, swelling, or fatigue. The risks and benefits are carefully evaluated by a medical team to determine if brachytherapy is the most suitable option for the patient.

Who Can Benefit from Brachytherapy?

This therapy is most effective for patients with localized tumors that are accessible for implant placement. Brachytherapy is often recommended for early-stage cancers or for patients who prefer a less invasive treatment. Eligibility is determined based on the tumor size, location, and overall health of the patient.