Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy

What is Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM)?

Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) is an advanced, minimally invasive procedure used to treat achalasia, a rare esophageal disorder that makes it difficult for food and liquids to pass into the stomach. Achalasia occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) fails to relax, leading to difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and regurgitation. POEM works by cutting the inner layer of the esophageal muscles to reduce pressure and restore normal swallowing function.

Who Can Benefit from POEM?

POEM is most effective for patients with severe achalasia who have not responded to other treatments like balloon dilation or Botox injections. It is also a suitable option for individuals with spastic esophageal disorders, such as diffuse esophageal spasm or jackhammer esophagus. Since POEM does not require external incisions, it is particularly beneficial for patients who prefer a less invasive alternative to traditional surgery (Heller myotomy).

How Does the POEM Procedure Work?

POEM is performed using an endoscope, a flexible tube with a camera, which is inserted through the mouth into the esophagus. The surgeon makes a small incision in the esophageal lining and carefully cuts the overactive muscle fibers of the lower esophageal sphincter. This allows the sphincter to relax, making swallowing easier. The procedure typically lasts 60 to 90 minutes, and most patients can resume a liquid diet within 24 hours after surgery.

Recovery and Expected Outcomes

One of the major advantages of POEM is its fast recovery time compared to traditional surgical methods. Most patients experience significant symptom relief and can return to normal activities within a few days. However, some may develop gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after the procedure, which can usually be managed with medication. Regular follow-ups are recommended to monitor recovery and prevent complications.

Medical Tourism for POEM Treatment

Many patients travel abroad for cost-effective, high-quality POEM procedures in internationally accredited medical centers. Countries offering advanced endoscopic techniques, expert gastroenterologists, and state-of-the-art facilities provide a safe and affordable alternative to expensive treatments in Western countries. Medical tourism allows patients to access top-tier care while saving money on their treatment.